Prohibition and Ibaha (Coming soon)

The divine proofs are Quran sunnah Ijma and Qiyas, there are proof which are disagreed upon unlike the previously mention 4, Imam Juwayni says “prohibition and Ibaha. There are those who say the root of things are prohibition until proven permissible.” They assume everything to be impermissible until you prove it permissible and there are those who say the opposite that everything is proven permissible until proven impermissible.” These are 2 points of view of the theorist on how they approach things. The correct view according to Imam Hattab is “The correct position is that which harms at its root is prohibited and that which causes benefit is permissible,” He cites the verse Baqarah verse 129 and Allah speaks of gratitude and one does not permit gratitude except for permissible things.

Explaining this utilitarian point

Imam Ghazali has those view he uses this kind of reasoning all the time as well Ibn Razi talks about the ethics of the ends of the means and warding off harm. One of teachers in his master thesis that sheikh hassan al attar also has this out look of causing benefit and removing harm which matches which this concept very well. Does benefit always mean pleasure? In the case of hassan al attar it would generally mean yes as its not just worldly pleasure as the afterlife is factored in, if you don’t want to fast during Ramadan because you’ll be hungry tired and groggy but in the end, you will get infinite rewards of the disliked displeasing act, which mean fasting is ultimately to your benefit even if you immediately dislike them.

The prophet said in Ibn Maja and elsewhere

There is no harm and no reciprocation thereof. What this means is there is no undue hardship in Islam and no harm which means nothing in the religion will harm you Islam is not about harming yourself. This is an interesting concept as you will see Shiites self-harm by slice their back and heads for karbala which seems to outwardly contradict this hadith not that they would believe in it and act upon it. (Most shia authorizes are against cutting I just wanted to add this point). Before you the prophet there was no shariah hukm on anything as there is no prophet to clarify anything, this means there is not punishment or rewards on things when people do not have a prophet around to clarify rulings. Imam hattab is saying here is prior to the prophet the Arab did not have a shariah ruling on anything they would do they would not be punished or rewarded for their actions the actions are irrelevant as without the prophet there is no law. Humanity has the fitra but not specific codified law.

The prophet is exceptional

The prophet is the blueprint of an entire civilization there is up to 2 billion that put into practice a on personal level and Inshallah in the future a societal level and not to lower the status of the prior prophets but none of the prior prophets yield that level of influence.